Portal:European Union

Portal topics: Activities; Culture; Geography; Health; History; Mathematics; Nature; People; Philosophy; Religion; Society; Technology; Random portal

Introduction

Portal subpages

Main page Institutions Competences Structural evolution Member states

Welcome to the European Union Portal!

Shortcut

P:EU

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The Union has a total area of 4,233,255 km² (1,634,469 sq mi) and an estimated total population of over 449 million. The EU has often been described as a sui generis political entity combining the characteristics of both a federation and a confederation.

Containing 5.8% of the world population in 2020, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around US$16.6 trillion in 2022, constituting approximately one sixth of global nominal GDP. Additionally, all EU states except Bulgaria have a very high Human Development Index according to the United Nations Development Programme. Its cornerstone, the Customs Union, paved the way to establishing an internal single market based on standardised legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states have agreed to act as one. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services and capital within the internal market; enact legislation in justice and home affairs; and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. Passport controls have been abolished for travel within the Schengen Area. The eurozone is a group composed of the 20 EU member states that have fully implemented the economic and monetary union and use the euro currency. Through the Common Foreign and Security Policy, the union has developed a role in external relations and defence. It maintains permanent diplomatic missions throughout the world and represents itself at the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the G7 and the G20. Due to its global influence, the European Union has been described by some scholars as an emerging superpower.

In 2012, the EU was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The United Kingdom became the only member state to leave the EU, in 2020; ten countries are aspiring or negotiating to join it. (Full article...)

Refresh with new selections below (purge)

edit

Selected article

The European Space Agency (ESA), established in 1975, is an inter-governmental organization dedicated to the exploration of space, currently with 20 member states. Its headquarters are in Paris, France. ESA has a staff of about 2,000 with an annual budget of about €4 billion in 2013.

ESA's spaceport is the Centre Spatial Guyanais (Guyana Space Centre) in Kourou, French Guiana, a site chosen because it is close to the equator from which commercially important orbits are easier to access. During the 1990s ESA gained the position of market leader in commercial space launches and in recent years ESA has established itself as a major player in space exploration.

ESA science missions are based at ESTEC in Noordwijk, Netherlands, Earth Observation missions at ESRIN in Frascati, Italy, ESA Mission Control (ESOC) is in Darmstadt, Germany, and the European Astronaut Centre (PACI), that trains astronauts for future missions is situated in Cologne, Germany.

More selected articles...

edit

Selected picture

Aqueduct of Segovia

Photo credit: Manuel González Olaechea y Franco

The Aqueduct of Segovia in Segovia, Spain, is one of the most significant and best-preserved monuments left by the Romans on the Iberian Peninsula. It was likely constructed at the end of the 1st century AD, and transported water for centuries from the Fuente Fría River over a distance of roughly 32 kilometres (20 mi) before reaching the city, only having been decommissioned recently.

More selected pictures

edit

Did you know?

...that Romania and Bulgaria became full members of the European Union on January 1, 2007?

...that the European Union's member states combined represent the world's largest economy by GDP, larger than the United States, the People's Republic of China, and Japan, the seventh largest territory in the world by area and the third largest by population after China and India?

More did you know...

edit

Selected city

Rome is the capital of Italy and of its region, called Lazio. It is located across the confluence of the Tiber and Aniene rivers. It was once the capital of the Roman Empire, the most powerful, largest and longest lasting empire of classical Western civilization. The Vatican, a sovereign enclave within Rome, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Church and the home of the Pope.

Rome is the largest comune in Italy and it is also one of the largest European capital cities in land area, with an area of 1,285 square kilometers. Within the city limits, the population is about 2.5 million; almost 3.8 million live in the urbanised area of Rome, as represented by the province of Rome, making it second in population to Milan. With a gross domestic product of €97 billion in the year 2005, Rome produced 6.7% of Italy's GDP.

Read more...

More selected cities...

General images

The following are images from various European Union-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1After two devastating world wars, the political climate favoured an international unity that could preserve peace in Europe effectively (Hamburg, after a massive Allied bombing in 1943 in the picture). (from History of the European Union)
Image 2Logo of the European Commission (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 3Kaja Kallas, High Representative Vice President (from Politics of the European Union)
Image 4The Schuman Parade in Warsaw has been organised by the Schuman Foundation since 1999 (2008 photograph). (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 5The Frankish Empire at its greatest extent, ca. 814 AD (from History of the European Union)
Image 6Logo of the Court of Justice of the European Union (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 71922 European flag of the Paneuropean Union (from History of the European Union)
Image 8Boris Johnson Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2019 to 2022 (from History of the European Union)
Image 9Organigram of the political system. The seven organs of the Union are in blue, national / intergovernmental elements in orange. (from Politics of the European Union)
Image 10Winston Churchill (right, during the Atlantic Conference), consistent advocate of continential European integration, later along with his son-in-law Duncan Sandys (from History of the European Union)
Image 11Konrad Adenauer, Walter Hallstein and Antonio Segni, signing the European customs union and Euratom in Rome in 1957 (from History of the European Union)
Image 12Population pyramid of the EU 27 in 2023 (from Demographics of the European Union)
Image 13Flag of the Western Union (from History of the European Union)
Image 14José Manuel Barroso President of the European Commission (2004-2014) (from History of the European Union)
Image 15Logo of the European Parliament (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 16Meeting in the Hall of Knights in The Hague, during the Congress of Europe (9 May 1948) (from History of the European Union)
Image 17Logo of the European Central Bank (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 18Logo of the European Council and the Council of the European Union (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 19The Euro symbol shown as a sculpture outside the European Central Bank (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 20Political groups of the European Parliament in the Louise Weiss building after the election 2024:
  Group of the European People's Party (EPP)
  Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D)
  Patriots for Europe (PfE)
  European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR)
  Renew Europe (Renew)
  The Greens–European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA)
  The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL (The Left)
  Europe of Sovereign Nations (ESN)
  Non-Inscrits (NI)
  Vacant (1)
(from Politics of the European Union)
Image 21Coins and banknotes of the Euro, the single-currency introduced from 1999 (from History of the European Union)
Image 22Percentage responding that their country on balance benefited from being a member of the EU at Eurobarometer 2023:

  91–100%

  81–90%

  71–80%

  61–70%

  51–60%

(from Politics of the European Union)
Image 23The fertility rate in the EU was 1.46 in 2022 (Kindergarten in France). (from Demographics of the European Union)
Image 24A piece from the original manuscript. (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 25The flag of Europe, emblem of both the Council of Europe and the European Union. (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 26Europa regina in Sebastian Münster's "Cosmographia", 1570 (from History of the European Union)
Image 27Elaboration by sex (from Demographics of the European Union)
Image 28A cartogram depicting the population distribution between old EU-27 member states in 2008 (including the UK and excluding Croatia). 57.8% of all citizens of the EU live in the four largest member states: Germany, France, Italy, and Spain. (from Demographics of the European Union)
Image 29Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy in the European Union in 2019 (from Demographics of the European Union)
Image 30The European Coal and Steel Community's flag. (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 31Aristide Briand (from History of the European Union)
Image 32Signatories of the 2007 declaration in dark blue. (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 33Logo of the European Court of Auditors (from Symbols of the European Union)
Image 34The population density of the EU is 106 people per km². Note that the lights in the North Sea are from oil platforms. (from Demographics of the European Union)
Image 35The ordinary legislative procedure of the European Union (from Politics of the European Union)
Image 36Newest state in yellow (from History of the European Union)
Image 37Ursula von der Leyen President of the European Commission
(since 1 December 2019) (from History of the European Union)